What Is Sonohysterography (SIS)?
Sonohysterography, also called a sonohysterogram or saline infusion sonography (SIS), is a minimally invasive ultrasound procedure used to evaluate the inside of the uterus. It involves filling the uterine cavity with sterile saline to provide a clearer, more detailed image of the endometrial lining and structure. This enhanced visualization helps identify abnormalities that may not be seen on a standard pelvic ultrasound.
When Is SIS Needed?
SIS is commonly recommended for:
- Investigating abnormal uterine bleeding.
- Diagnosing suspected uterine abnormalities, such as fibroids, polyps, or adhesions.
- Evaluating causes of infertility or recurrent miscarriage.
- Assessing the uterine cavity before fertility treatments like IVF or IUI.
Procedure Overview
- Preparation – Usually performed after menstruation but before ovulation.
- Catheter Placement – A thin catheter is gently inserted into the cervix.
- Saline Infusion – Sterile saline is introduced into the uterine cavity to expand it.
- Ultrasound Imaging – A transvaginal ultrasound is performed while the saline outlines the uterine walls, allowing the doctor to clearly see any abnormalities.
- Completion – The procedure takes about 15–30 minutes and does not require anesthesia.
Benefits
- Provides a more detailed view of the uterine cavity than standard ultrasound.
- Minimally invasive with minimal discomfort.
- Can help guide treatment decisions for infertility and abnormal bleeding.
- No radiation exposure.
Risks & Considerations
- Mild cramping or spotting after the procedure.
- Rare risk of infection.
- Not performed if pregnancy is suspected or if there is a pelvic infection.