What Is Laparoscopy?
Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that allows doctors to directly view the pelvic and abdominal organs using a thin, lighted instrument called a laparoscope. It is often used in reproductive medicine to diagnose or treat conditions affecting fertility, such as endometriosis, pelvic adhesions, ovarian cysts, or blocked fallopian tubes.
When Is It Needed?
Laparoscopy may be recommended for:
- Suspected endometriosis causing infertility or pelvic pain
- Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes
- Ovarian cysts that may interfere with fertility
- Pelvic adhesions (scar tissue)
- Unexplained infertility when other tests are inconclusive
- Investigation of chronic pelvic pain
Procedure Overview
- Anesthesia – The patient is put under general anesthesia.
- Small Incisions – Tiny cuts are made in the abdomen (usually near the belly button).
- Laparoscope Insertion – The laparoscope is inserted to view reproductive organs.
- Diagnostic & Treatment – Surgeons may remove scar tissue, treat endometriosis, or repair damaged structures.
- Closure – Incisions are closed with stitches or surgical tape.
Key Points
- Minimally invasive – Smaller incisions mean faster recovery compared to open surgery.
- Dual purpose – Can be diagnostic and therapeutic in the same procedure.
- Recovery – Most patients return to normal activities within 1–2 weeks.
- Risks – As with any surgery, there is a small risk of bleeding, infection, or injury to nearby organs.