A Robertsonian translocation occurs when two acrocentric chromosomes join together. Many carriers are healthy, but in male fertility care, it can be associated with: Why semen parameters may be affected Chromosome pairing and segregation during sperm production can be disrupted, sometimes reducing sperm production or increasing abnormal sperm. What evaluation looks like IVF and genetic […]
PGT-SR is a form of embryo genetic testing designed for couples where one partner carries a structural rearrangement such as a balanced translocation or Robertsonian translocation. What PGT-SR aims to do It helps identify embryos less likely to be affected by: Who may benefit most Important limitations PGT-SR can improve embryo selection, but it does […]
FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) uses labeled DNA probes to look at specific chromosome regions. It is especially useful when clinicians need targeted confirmation. Common indications How it complements other tests FAQ CTA: Ask whether FISH can answer your specific diagnostic question.
A karyotype is a chromosome analysis that can identify balanced translocations, Robertsonian translocations, and other large rearrangements. Who should consider a karyotype? What a karyotype can (and can’t) tell you It can identify large structural changes and define a carrier state. It may not detect small CNVs; CMA may be added when clinically indicated. How […]
Chromosomal microarray (CMA) detects copy number variations (CNVs)—small deletions or duplications that may not be visible on standard karyotyping. Where CMA is most useful CMA vs karyotype How it fits into an IVF plan CMA is often part of diagnostic workups and prenatal decisions rather than routine IVF testing, but it can inform whether PGT-SR […]
A “balanced” translocation means no net gain/loss of DNA—yet breakpoints can matter. In a minority of cases, the breakpoint may: When breakpoint concerns arise Breakpoint-level investigation is most relevant when: How deeper testing works Depending on availability, clinicians may consider: FAQ CTA: If you have symptoms or a complex family history, request expanded genetic evaluation.
Repeated implantation failure can occur for several reasons, but genetics may play a key role when one partner carries a balanced translocation. The genetic mechanism Even if embryo morphology looks good, some embryos may carry segmental imbalances that reduce implantation potential. Balanced translocation can raise the proportion of embryos with such imbalances. A targeted evaluation […]
When miscarriages repeat, we look for treatable causes. One important genetic factor is balanced translocation, which can increase the chance of embryos being chromosomally unbalanced. When to consider testing Consider parental karyotyping if you have: What the results mean A balanced translocation in a parent does not automatically mean a poor prognosis. The exact risk […]
Partial trisomy means an embryo has an extra copy of part of a chromosome, while partial monosomy means a missing part. These often occur together when a translocation segregates unevenly. Why they matter in IVF Embryos with segmental gains/losses may: How testing helps FAQ CTA: Our team can match testing to your history and results […]
An unbalanced translocation means there is extra or missing genetic material—typically a combination of partial trisomy and partial monosomy. This can occur in embryos conceived naturally or via IVF, especially if one parent is a balanced translocation carrier. What it may cause The impact depends on which chromosomal segments are affected, but risks can include: […]