What Is Ovarian Reserve Testing?
Ovarian reserve testing evaluates a woman’s egg quantity and reproductive potential. It measures specific hormones and/or uses ultrasound imaging to determine how many eggs remain in the ovaries and how well they might respond to fertility treatment.
Common components include:
- AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone) – Reflects the remaining egg supply.
- FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) – High levels may indicate reduced ovarian reserve.
- Estradiol (E2) – Provides additional context to FSH results.
- Antral Follicle Count (AFC) – Performed via transvaginal ultrasound to count visible small follicles.
When Is It Needed?
Ovarian reserve testing is recommended for:
- Women over 35 years old planning pregnancy
- Women with irregular menstrual cycles or suspected ovulatory issues
- Patients considering IVF or other fertility treatments
- Women with a family history of early menopause
- Assessment before cancer treatment or other medical procedures that may affect fertility
Procedure Overview
- Blood Tests – AMH can be measured at any time; FSH and estradiol are measured early in the cycle (day 2–4).
- Ultrasound – A transvaginal scan counts the number of small antral follicles (AFC).
- Analysis – Hormone levels and AFC results are combined to evaluate egg reserve.
- Consultation – Fertility specialist interprets the results and recommends a personalized plan.
Key Points
- Not a measure of egg quality – Only estimates egg quantity.
- Helps guide fertility treatment – Determines the most suitable ovarian stimulation protocol.
- Useful for family planning – Especially if considering delayed childbearing or egg freezing.